Correlation of the Expression of nm23-H1/NDP Kinase A and CD44v8-10 with Head and Neck Cancer Metastasis / 체질인류학회지

The expressions of nm23-H1/NDP kinase and CD44 genes which are associated with tumor proliferation and metastasis, in 10 cases of head and neck cancer were studied by immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibody H1-203 and CD44v8-10. And the relationship between the expressions of two genes and cancer metastasis was studied. Eight cases out of 10 head and neck cancers were squamous cell carcinomas. Normal skin epidermis and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin were used as control. The expression of nm23-H1/NDP kinase A was decreased generally in head and neck cancer comparing with normal epidermis, and more decreased in metastatic head and neck cancer. CD44v8-10 was shown strong expression in non-metastatic head and neck cancer but weak or no expression in metastatic head and neck cancer. With differentiation of tumor tissue, the expression of CD44v8-10 gene decreased. These results suggest that nm23-H1/NDP kinase and CD44 genes play a role as inhibitor to metastasis in head and neck cancer.

Construction of DNA Painting Probe for Transldegrees Cation Region of a Marker Chromosome by Chromosome Microdissection / 대한암학회지

PURPOSE: Chromosome microdissection has been recommended as a technology to overcome the limited problems of conventional cytogenetic analysis and is a direct approach to isolate DNA from specific interesting region of chromosome. KUMA-1 cell line has a specific reserved chromosome abnormality during prdegrees Cess from primary cancer culture to continuous cell line development, der(2)t(2;?)(qter;?). So molecular analysis for transldegrees Cation region of der(2) may be helpful to understand pathogenesis of this primary cancer. The aim of this study was to develop painting probe for the transldegrees Cation region for molecular study in future about transldegrees Cation region of der(2) of KUMA-1 cell line. MATERIALS AND METHODS: KUMA-1 cell line was derived from a squamous cell carcinoma of urinary bladder. The transldegrees Cation breakpoint region of der(2) appeared in KUMA-1 cell line was microdissected and dissected chromosome segments were amplified by PCR reaction. Fluorescent in situ hybridization was conducted on KUMA-1 metaphase cells with the probe generated from PCR product to confirm the construction of painting probe containing the transldegrees Cation breakpoint of der(2). RESULTS: Painting probe was hybridized to the metaphase chromosome of KUMA-1 cell line and two fluorescent signals were mapped to the transldegrees Cation forming chromosomal region of der(2). CONCLUSION: It was possible to construct the painting probe for the transldegrees Cation region of der (2) by chromosome microdissection.

Alteration of Karyotype and Cell Cycle Induced by UVB Irradiation In Human Keratinocytes / 대한해부학회지

To investigate the change of cell cycle by genotoxic stress and rebound proliferation in human keratinocytes, the proportions of cell cycle phases were estimated with challenge of UVB irradiation (200 J/m2). With UVB irradiation cell cycle was estimated by Cell Fit program in Flowcytometer, and main change of the cell cycle was S-phase pro-longation. In karyotyping, near diploid number of chromosomes changed to hypoteraploid number. Cell cycle phase was estimated in two groups of cells, near diploid and hypoteraploid. In near dipoid cells, S-phase prolongation was specific phenomenon, while specific G0-G1 phase prolongation was shown in hypoteraploid cells which made transformed foci in culture. The new structural anomalies were del (5q21), 8p+, and t (5 : 8)(q21 : pter). Among them, del (5q21) was found in all transformed hypotetraploid cells. These data suggest that progress of cell cycle could be [G1-S-(G2-G1)-S] by UVB irradiation and deletion of 5q21 has a key role for anchorage independent growth, which is deletion of tumor suppressor gene APC locus. That is one of important mechanisms in keratinocyte transformation by UVB irradiation. With the changes of chromosome number and cell cycle, sizes of nuclei got to bigger by two times and growth rate was delayed.

Up-regulation of Human nm23-H2/NDP Kinase B in Early Phase of Regenerating Transgenic Mouse Hepatocyte / 체질인류학회지

The kinetics and subcellular localization of nm23-M1 and -M2 was reported in in vivo regenerating mouse liver cells after partial hepatectomy (Lee et al. 1997a). On the human nm23-H2 transgenic mice, the kinetics of murine types of nm23 and mitotic index were very similar to results from ordinary mice B6, whereas the kinetics of human type of nm23 was responded strongly and shortly in early phase of regeneration. In subcellular study, all fractions of nm23-H2 protein at 6hr after partial hepatectomy were increased to very high level and decreased soon day 1. These studies suggest that exogenous DNA sequence nm23-H2 expressed immediately in early phase of hepatocyte regeneration, and in short term duration comparing with native murine type of nm23. This analysis might include that another cellular cofactor(s) is(are) necessary for human type nm23 expression in regenerating mouse hepatocyte in playing a role as a transcription factor, or that is not associated with any cellular cofactors in organ crisis.

A Case of Human Infection of the Larvae from Pseudoterranova Decipiens / 대한소화기내시경학회지

A case of gastric anisakiasis due to the larva of Pseudoterranova decipiences was con- firmed by a gastroendoscopic examination. A long whitish nematode larva invading the stomach wall (fundus) was discovered and was extracted using biopsy forceps after 3 days to the onset of symptoms. The worm was 42.6 X 1.1 mm size, and was identified as being a the 4th stage larva of P. decipiens, based upon its morphological characteristics, The patient, residing in Seoul, was a 51-year-old housewife, who complained of severe epi- gastric pain and recalled that she had previously eaten the raw flesh of an Astroconger myriaster in a Japanese restaurant (sushi Bar). This study probably emerges as the 7th human case of gastric anisakiasis of pseudoterranoviasis in Korea.

UVC induced translocation of protein kinase C (PKC) and expression change of c-myc oncogene in human skin keratinocytes / 대한해부학회지

Recent studies have documented that UVC induced DNA damage leads to activation of protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms, which result in the transient expression of immediate early gene expression, then in phosphorylation of p53, its nuclear accumulation, and the cascade which leads to DNA repair, apoptosis, or carcinogenesis. But long-term activations and translocations of PKC isoforms were found after recovery of expression of one of immediate early gene, c-myc. Three days later after UVC 5 J/m2 irradiation, PKCalpha and beta molecules were shifted to around nuclei from even distribution in cytosol. Multiple irradiation of UVC (5 J/m2 for 5 times) induced more consolidated translocation of PKC alpha, while up-regulation and translocation of PKCbeta expression was responded with single does. PKCgamma molecule was basically accumulated around nuclear membrane. UVC irradiation caused a transient increase of membrane fraction of PKCgamma with single dose. These results suggest that UVC induced long-term activation of PKC after recovery of c-myc gene expression results from the translocation of PKC isoforms of cytosol to nuclear membrane or around nucleus rather than translocation to cell membrane. These intracellular shift of PKC molecules after 3 days might be not associated with c-myc expression.

Correlation between Chromosome Abnormalities and Genomic Imprinting in Developing Human 2) Independent Expression of Imprinted Genes, H19 and Insulin-like growth factor II (IGF2), in Androgenetic Hydatidiform Moles / 대한해부학회지

Human uniparental gestations such as androgenetic hydatidiform moles provide a model to evaluate the integrity of parent-specific gene expression,-i.e, genomic imprinting,- in the absence of a complementary parental genetic contribution. Several imprinted genes are characterized so far including the insulin-like growth factor-2 gene (IGF2) coding for a fetal growth factor and the Hl9 gene whose normal function is unknown but which is likely to act as an untranslated mRNA for its tumor-suppressing function. IGF2 is expressed exclusively from the paternal allele while Hl9 from the maternal allele. Such an alternate expression is quite interesting because both Hl9 and IGF2 genes are located close to each other on chromosome 11p15.5. An in situ hybridization analysis has shown strong expression of Hl9 and IGF2 alleles in nine hydatidiform moles. Especially, a prominent expression of Hl9 and IGF2 was detected in cytotrophoblast and the cellular localization was almost paralleled in Hl9 and IGF2 transcripts . Hl9 and IGF2 genes could be expressed either biallelically or monoallelically in the moles. However, IGF2 biallelic expression did not affect allele-specificity of Hl9 expression.. These results suggest that both H19 and IGF2 transcripts are expressed in the same cells and that the functional imprinting of H19 and IGF2 genes in hydatidiform moles can be controlled individually and independently of each other.

Expression Correlation Between NM23/NDP Kinase and c-myc in NM23/NDP Kinase Transfectant Cell Lines / 체질인류학회지

Since Steeg, et al.(1988) identified NM23/NDP kinase as non -metastasis gene, other multiple functions of have reported. One of them, Postel, et al.(1993) suggested that transcription factor PuF, being encoded by NM23 -H2/NDP kinase gene, interacts with nuclease hypersensitive element located upstream of the c -myc gene. C -myc amplification and activation can be present in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck as well as in an increased metastatic propensity for individual tumor. To clarify the role of NM23/NDP kinase on c -myc expression, comparison of these two gene expressions in cell lines was done. No direct correlation of expression kinetics was found. A plasmid containing human c -myc fragment was cloned upstream of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene. When murine melanoma cell line was cotransfected with a murine NM23 -M2 including expression vector and c -myc CAT, CAT activity was elevated, while no change of CAT activity was found in the cotransfectant of human NM23 -H2 and c -myc CAT. Data suggest that murine NM23 -M2 gene transactivates c -myc gene indirectly with a cellular factor in murine cell line which dose not work with human NM23 -H2 gene. Additionally, we found same kinetics of NM23 -H2/NDP kinase and c -myc expression change correlated with proliferation of PLC/PRF/5 which was induced by HGF.

Comparison of NM23-H1/NDP Kinase and CD44v Expression in Human Skin Cancer : An Immunohistochemical Study / 대한해부학회지

Two isotypes of nm23 gene have been reported as multifunctional genes as well as CD44 gene. In tumor, both of genes, one isotype of human nm23, nm23-H1 and splice variants of surface glycoprotein CD44[CD44 v8-10], are correlated with tumor growth and metatastic potential[Keim et al., 1992 ; Dall et al., 1995]. However, the correlation of expression between these genes in tumor was not reported. In this immunohistochemical study on skin cancers, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and malignant melanoma, we intended to clarify the differences of expression on the basis of origins of skin tumors, basal cell, prickle cell, melanin producing cell, and compare the alterations of expressions between two genes in each tumor, respectively. The conclusion of this comparison is that relative parallel alteration in expressions between nm23-H1/NDP kinase and CD44 v8-10 was observed in basal cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma with inverse relation in differentiation. In squamous carcinoma, the expressions of two genes were much associated with differentiation. On the periphery of tumor, very low level of nm23-H1 protein and high level of CD44 v8-10 protein were detected.

Unusual chromosomal features in a child with gradual disappearance of right ulna (mono ostolic osteolysis)

A nine month old male child presenting degenerating right ulna (massive osteolysis) has been followed up for two years. The bone completely disappeared due to abscesses on the right forearm and without orthopedic or haematological complications. Repeated lymphocyte cultures showed somatic pairing (mostly chromosome pair 5), end to end association involving chromosome 14, 21, 21 and 16, and satellite enlargement in a high proportion of cells with an otherwise normal 46,XY karyotype. These observations are compared with 13 other types of orthopaedic patients, and we opine that cumulative picture of chromosomal aberrations appears to correspond with the present rare anomaly "Mono Ostolic Osteolysis" involving right ulna. None of the controls or any other orthopaedic anomaly studied hereunder exhibits this chromosomal picture.

Morphological Transformation Region II (mtrII) of Human Cytomegalovirus / 대한암학회지

PURPOSE: Human herpesviruses have been associated with the etiology of several human cancers. The role of these viruses in carcinogenesis has not yet been clarified. This study focused on identifying and characterizing the transforming potential of cloned DNA fragments from human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Multiple DNA fragments of HCMV were applied to cells for transformation. Morphological transforming region II (mtrII) of HCMV strain Towne has been identified to a 3.0kb XbaI-BamHI DNA fragment which was retained in transformed cells. The transforming activity was induced by a 980 bp BaII-Xho I subfragment (pBS980) containing both promoter/ regulatory elements as well as three open reading frames (ORFs), i.e., 79ORF, 83ORF, and 34ORF. The ORFs have been evaluated for transforming potential in NIH3T3 cells. RESULTS: MtrII (pBS980) has BglII restriction enzyme site which divides into two subfragments, pBS440 and pBS540, the latter has whole 83ORF, 34ORF, and fragment of 79ORF, the former has only fragment of 79ORF. Among three ORFs, 83ORF and 34ORF were not functional in transformation, because in pBS540 these ORFs were not truncated. CONCLUSION: The 79ORF (79-aa transforming peptide) has allowed a better approach to determine the role of HCMV in human carcinogenesis.

Role of IGF2 Gene in Developing Human Ovary / 체질인류학회지

To understand the role of IGF2 gene in development of human ovary, IGF2 expression was detected by monoclonal antibody for IGF2 to its producted protein with immunohistochemical technique on human ovarian tissues. The results was as follows. IGF2 was highly expressed in ovum of mature follicle, IGF2 expression, however, was not high in granulosa and the cells. IGF2 was not highly expressed in ovum of primary follicle. Highly expressed IGF2 was found on corpus luteum and no expression of IGF2 was found in stroma and epithelial cells. These results suggest that IGF2 is important role in ovulation and in production of progesterone. Abnormal IGF2 expression may be concerned to carcinogenesis of ovarian tumor because most of all tumor from ovary is originated from epithelium.

Electron microseopic study on the histopathological changes of the periodontal tissue of pressure side following experimmental tooth movement in guinea pigs / 대한치과교정학회지

No abstract available.